“Cabinet
mission to India
- Today’s debate in the commons”
“In the house of
commons to-day members of all parties will join in expressing their good wishes
to the cabinet mission to India which will shortly leave this country to assist
the viceroy in the task, which the government were pledged to undertake in the
king’s speech, of promoting in conjunction with the leaders of Indian opinion
the early realization of full self-government in India.”
-
Article in The Times (London) March 15, 1946
On the nice day of 23rd March 1946, the Cabinet Mission
reached in India.
They reached in Delhi
on 2nd April, 1946. Actually they came to succeed the stalled talks
of Simla conference on June 14, 1945 lead by viceroy Archibald Wevell on where
the talks stalled on the issue of selection of Muslim representatives. Till
then Congress not only thought that but also tried to prove that they were the
representative of Muslims of India though Muslim League denied it vehemently.
On the day of 16th may 1946, the Cabinet Mission declared their plan in
order to establish a united dominion India with three groups. One group
of Sind, Punjab and North-West Frontier Province, one group from Bengal and Assam.
Both the groups were from Muslim majority provinces. The other group would be
from Hindu majority provinces in from central and southern India. But the plan was dismissed
by the congress due to the question of parity. In order to balance the power in
the central.
Congress reaction on the plan on 24th may 1946:
The Working Committee considers that the connected problems involved in
the establishment of a Provisional Government and a Constituent Assembly should
be viewed together... In absence of a full picture, the Committee is unable to
give a final opinion at this stage.
On the 16th June they offered their second plan. The plan
concluded a divided India
with on part from Hindu majority provinces and another part from Muslim
majority India which would
be renamed as Pakistan.
Congress denied the latter also.
Congress reaction on the second plan on 25th June 1946:
In the formation of a Provisional or other governance, Congressmen can
never give up the national character of Congress, or accept an artificial and
unjust parity, or agree to a veto of a communal group. The Committee is unable
to accept the proposals for formation of an Interim Government as contained in
the statement of June 16. The Committee has, however, decided that the Congress
should join the proposed Constituent Assembly with a view to framing the
Constitution of a free, united and democratic India.
On 15th June 1946, on the eve of declaring the second plan
Viceroy invited 14 men to join the interim government.
Congress further
reaction on the second offer on 10th July 1946:
"Regards
itself free to change or modify the Cabinet Mission Plan as it thought
best."
On
29th July 1946, Jinnah denied to participate in the process to form
constituent assembly on 12th August 1946. Viceroy offered Nehru to
form the provisional government with 12 members. On 16th August
1946, Jinnah declared “Direct Action Day”.
On
12th February 1947 Lord Mount batten assumed the post of viceroy.
Actually, he came to India
to transfer the power. At least he did it and became the first Governor General
of India on 15th
August 1947 whereas Jinnah became the first Governor General of Pakistan
from 14th August 1947. From the 15th August of 1947
Jinnah held the position till his death on 11th September 1948.
All
India Muslim League which was established on 30th November 1906
became All Pakistan Muslim league from 14th August 1947. It was
renamed as Pakistan Muslim League on 14th February 1949.
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