The root of the world’s first nation-state1
Pakistan lies undoubtedly in the seed of Indian Rebellion of 1857. The defeat
of this rebellion made Muslims indifferent to the British Raj. This vital issue
shocked the then most notable personality Sir Syed Ahmad Khan. He felt that the
Muslims should be advanced in education. In 1875 he established Muhammadan
Anglo-Oriental College at
Aligarh. In 1886, he founded All India Muhammadan Educational Conference
in order to collect fund for his college.
In 1905 the Raj divided the Bengal
province in two parts. This policy of the Raj faced a hard challenge from the
side of the elite Hindus. In the midst of this situation, to safeguard the
interest of the Muslims a good number of Muslim leaders met Viceroy Lord Minto
for separate electorates on October 01, 1906 at Simla. The leaders also took a
decision to form a political party in the All India Muhammadan Educational
Conference in its Dacca session. On December 30, 1906 they founded a political
party titled All-India Muslim League for which Aga Khan III was its first honorary
President. In 1907 they also framed a constitution in Karachi for the newly
formed party. In 1911 the partition of the Bengal was dissolved and the Muslims
felt that Muslim League will be the last resort of their hope.
In 1913 M. A. Jinnah, then in
Congress, joined in Muslim League and the party got a new dimension. In 1916 M.
A. Jinnah as its president executed the Lucknow Pact which brought a new wave
in the Hindu-Muslim unity2 but it lasted for a little time.
In 1920 Jinnah left Congress and completely involved in All-India Muslim
League. In August 1928 Congress ignored M. A. Jinnah’s proposals on Nehru
Report. It made him to propose his historical Fourteen Points in a meeting of
the council of the All-India Muslim League on March 28, 1929. The
history got a new dimension. Actually the Government of India Act 19353
was based on the gist of this Fourteen Points.
At last the final moments came and the
British took the rational decision of leaving India in 1947. On the day of 14th
August of the same year the British left the land and M. A. Jinnah was awarded
by a moth-eaten Pakistan. The chronology of Pakistan movement is given below:
§ 1849
Annexation of the Punjab
§ 1850
Introduction of Urdu in Punjab (almost all of West Pakistan excluding Sindh)
§ 1857
Sepoy Mutiny
§ 1885
Formation of the Indian national Congress
§ 1901
Partition of Punjab
§ 1905
Partition of Bengal
§ 1906
Simla Deputation
§ 1906
Founding of the All-India Muslim League
§ 1909
Minto-Morley Reforms
§ 1911
Annulment of the partition of Bengal
§ 1914–18
World War I
§ 1916
Lucknow Pact
§ 1919
Jalianwala Bagh Massacre
§ 1919
Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
§ 1919–23
Khilafat Movement
§ 1922–29
Hindu–Muslim Riots
§ 1927
Delhi Muslim Proposals
§ 1928
Nehru Report
§ 1929
Fourteen points of Jinnah
§ 1930
Simon Commission Report
§ 1930
Separation of a strong Punjabi group from congress and formation of
Majlish-e-Ahrar-ul-Islam
§ 1930
Allama Iqbal Address
§ 1931
Kashmir Resistance movement
§ 1930–32
Round Table Conferences
§ 1932
Communal Award (1932)
§ 1933
Pakistan National Movement
§ 1933
Pakistan Declaration/Now or Never Pamphlet
§ 1935
Government of India Act
§ 1937
Elections
§ 1937–39
Congress Rule in 7 out of 11 Provinces
§ 1937
Strong anti congress governments in Punjab and Bengal
§ 1938
A. K. Fazlul Huq of Bengal joined Muslim League
§ 1938
Jinah Sikandar pact
§ 1938
Pirpur Report
§ 1939-45
World War II
§ 1939
Resignation of congress ministries and non congress power players got golden
chance
§ 1940
Pakistan Resolution
§ 1940
March 19 Khaksar Massacre in Lahore
§ 1942
India Movement and non congress players further got space
§ 1942
Cripps' mission
§ 1944
Gandhi – Jinnah Talks
§ 1945
The Simla Conference
§ 1946
The Cabinet Mission the last British effort to united India
§ 1946
Direct Action Day in the aftermath of cabinet mission plan
§ 1946
Interim Government installed in office
§ 1946
Quit Kashmir Campaign as the formation of the interim government of Azad
Kashmir
§ 1947
June 6 Partition Plan
§ 1947
Creation of Pakistan
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